Ambient light meaning5/30/2023 Pixel An abbreviation for picture element, it represents the basic building block of every image. Open Shade A scene that is shaded from the direct light of the sun but lit by a large expanse of open sky. Normal Lens A lens with a focal length approximately equal to the diagonal of the picture format. Noise Random pattern of small spots on a digital image that are generally unwanted, caused by nonimage-forming electrical signals. Midtone The parts of an image that are approximately average in tone, falling midway between the highlights and shadows. Matrix Metering Mode Another name for multi-segment metering mode. Luminosity The brightness of a color, independent of the hue or saturation. Light Ratio The ratio between the brightness of the highlights and shadows in a given scene. Refers to the international standard for representing the sensitivity to light of a sensor or film by a numerical value. Acronym for International Organization for Standardization. Faster film (higher ISO) is more sensitive to light and requires less exposure than does slower film. ISO A number rating indicating the relative sensitivity to light of an image sensor or photographic film. The Translucent, light‐averaging, usually hemispheric part of this meter is aimed toward the camera, or, on occasion, between the camera and the Key, from the subject. Compensation is needed for unusually dark or light subjects, Back Light, silhouettes, and special Exposure effects. Not affected by a subject's reflective properties, it should be positioned near the subject. Incident Light Meter A type of hand‐held meter that measures the light falling on a subject. The standard gray card is a neutral gray that reflects 18 percent of the light falling on it - the same reflectance as the theoretical "average" scene for which all light meters are calibrated. Gray Card A standardized reference target for light meter readings and white balance. F/Stop A numerical designation (f/2, f /2.8, etc.) indicating the size of the aperture (lens opening). Because illumination falls evenly on the subject, a front‐lit subject may look flat and less dimensional. Frontal Light Lighting that illuminates the subject from the position of the camera. The longer the focal length, the narrower the angle of view and the more that objects are magnified. The focal length is usually expressed in millimeters (mm) and determines the angle of view (how much of the scene can be included in the picture) and the size of objects in the image. Focal Length The distance from the optical center of the lens to the image sensor when the lens is focused on infinity. Which term you use depends upon the device's size and what part of the country you alight in. It can also hide lights in the dark recesses of a scene. Flag, Cutter, Gobo An Opaque panel used to block light and shadow the subject, background, or camera lens. This source can be a flash unit, or simply a reflector that is directed on the subject to illuminate the shadowed areas and lessen the contrast. Fill Light In a lighting setup, the fill light refers to the light source which is used to "fill‐in" the shadows cast by the main light. Exposure Compensation A camera setting that allows you to increase or decrease the exposure calculated by the camera's automatic exposure system. Exposure Meter A device that measures light to determine the combination of shutter speed and f/stop needed to make an optimum exposure. A larger aperture paired with a faster shutter speed can deliver the same total amount of light to the image sensor as a smaller aperture paired with a slower shutter speed. Equivalent Exposure Any of the multiple combinations of aperture, shutter speed, and ISO that all produce the same exposure. Edge Light A separation light somewhere between a Kicker, and a Rim Light. Dynamic Range The difference in the brightness of the darkest shadows and brightest highlights. Diffuser Any device or substance placed between the central light source and the subject that softens or spreads the light. Depth of Field Preview A feature on advanced SLRs that closes the lens down to the actual taking aperture to enable you to see the picture's depth‐of‐field.
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